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Week 3: The Persecution of the Church in Jerusalem


  • Brief introduction about St. Luke and the Book of Acts:

    • St. Luke accompanied the St. Paul on his missionary journeys, so he accurately narrated what he witnessed. Being a physician, he also described events in detail.

    • He did not conclude the book of Acts with "Amen" like the other books because the Synaxarion (Church calendar of saints and events) comes after it, serving as the continuation of the Church’s history beyond the Book of Acts.

    • The Church reads the Synaxarion (the lives of the saints of the day) after the Book of Acts during the liturgy, to declare that the Word of the Lord continues to grow and multiply in His holy Church.

    • The placement of the Book of Acts between the Gospels and the Epistles serves as a connection between them: the Gospels present the life of Christ, the Book of Acts shows the preaching of the Gospel, and the Epistles reflect how to live according to the Gospel.

  • Introduction:

    • Author: St. Luke

    • Time of writing:

      • It was written around the year 63 AD in Rome, after he had written his Gospel. It covers a period of about thirty years—from the Ascension of Christ to Paul’s first imprisonment in Rome.

    • Purpose of the book

      • A clear record of the ministry of Peter and Paul.
      • Demonstrates the behavior of the early Christians as high examples for us.
      • Shows the mighty work of the Holy Spirit in fulfilling Christ’s promises and establishing the Church.
      • Displays the divinity of the Son.
      • Proclaims the divinity of the Holy Spirit.

  • Outline

      • Chapter 1 – The Apostles in Jerusalem from the Ascension to Pentecost:
        Includes the selection of Matthias and the worship of the Church.
      • Chapters 2–7 – The Beginning of Evangelism until the Martyrdom of Stephen:
        Includes the gifts of the Spirit, the growth of the Church, the healing of the lame man, threats against the apostles, the death of Ananias and Sapphira, the imprisonment of the apostles, the selection of seven deacons, and the stoning of Stephen.
      • Chapters 8–12 – The Persecution of the Church in Jerusalem:
        Includes the faith of the Ethiopian eunuch, the conversions of Paul and Cornelius, the founding of the Church in Caesarea, the martyrdom of James, the imprisonment of Peter, and the death of Herod.
      • Chapters 13–15 – The Evangelism of Paul and Barnabas Until Their Separation:
        Includes the story of Elymas the sorcerer, the Church in Antioch, the healing of the lame man in Lystra, the stoning of Paul, and the First Council of Jerusalem.
      • Chapters 16–20 – Paul’s Preaching in Europe
      • Chapters 21–28 – Paul’s Trials:
        Includes his journey to Jerusalem, his arrest and transfer to stand trial in Rome, his trials before Felix, Festus, and Agrippa, the shipwreck in Malta, and finally his arrival in Rome and preaching there for two years.

  • Reading:

    • ChapterChapters 3-67-12

      • Read chapter 37 from 1-1944-60
      • Read Chapter 48 from 3-311-4, 26-40
      • Read Chapter 59 from 1-31
      • Read Chapter 610 from 1-8
      • Read Chapter 11: no readings from chapter 11
      • Read Chapter 12

  • Resources:

  • Key verse:

    • “We ought to obey God rather than men.” Acts 5:29

  • Comments: 

    • ChapterActs 3: 1-19, 4:37, 5:42, 6:15,7 
      • TheSt. MiracleStephen's speech (Acts 3:7: 1-10)44-53)
        • Ver 48, God's presence is not confined to the temple; He does not dwell in a building, but in the hearts of His children who believe in Him.
        • He revealed to the Jews that the hardness of their hearts. Their worship and circumcision were only outward and superficial, without touching their hearts or ears to listen to Christ. The Jews used to pray three times a day:rejected the thirdtestimony hour (9 AM),of the sixthHoly hourSpirit (12about PM),Christ in the prophecies of the Old Testament prophets, and theeven ninth hour (3 PM). In its early days,killed the earlyprophets.
          • Church
        • Contemplation: used to pray atIn the same timesway, ina Solomon’sperson Porchloses atevery blessing when they refuse to obey the temple,Holy butScriptures.
          • of course without participating in its sacrifices. This continued until the prayers of the Agpeya were established around the fourth century." 
      • PeterThe stoning of St. Stephen (Acts 7:54-60):
        • While the Jews were stoning Stephen, he remained calm and John:prayerful, Theseasking twoGod disciplesto werereceive connectedhis togetherspirit fromto dwell with Him in heaven. This shows the beginningstrength of Christ’shis calling to themfaith and werehis present together at special events such as the Transfiguration, the raising of Jairus’s daughter,steadfastness in the Gardenfinal moments of Gethsemane,his andlife. by the Sea of Tiberias."
        • PeterSt. andStephen’s John used the powervision of Christ and asked for the man healing in our Lord Jesus Christ namesetting at the right hand of God was also mentioned in several other places in the bible (old and new testament)
          • Mark 16:19: So then, after the Lord had spoken to them, He was received up into heaven, and sat down at the right hand of God.
          • Ephesians 1:20: Which He worked in Christ when He raised Him from the dead and seated Him at His right hand in the heavenly places.
          • Psalm 110:1 The Lord said to my Lord, ‘Sit at My right hand, till I make Your enemies Your footstool.
      • Preaching (Acts 3:11–19):Discussion:
        • St.What Petermade tookhis advantagespeech so powerful? as mentioned in verse 55, he, being full of the crowdHoly that had gathered to witness the miracle, and responded to the people's questions. He strongly emphasized that neither he nor John were the source of the healing miracle, but rather it was the Lord Jesus Christ Himself.
          • Contemplation: If you do something good and others praise you for it, thank God and redirect the glory to Him, so that you may fade away while He is revealed."
          Spirit.
        • VerseWhat 19:can we learn from his forgiveness? What wasHe requiredfollowed ofChrist's themexample then,by praying for his enemies and ofshowing uslove nowtoward is: repentance, turning away from sinful behavior, and confessing the faith in order to receive baptism and the forgiveness of sins.
          Spiritual relief comes from the presence of God, because the Jews expected the coming of the Messiah to bring material relief and deliverance from the Romans. But what is meant here is spiritual relief deliverance from the hand of Satan.”them
    • Chapter 4:Acts read from verse 3-318
      • The trialChurch ofis Peterscattered and JohnSaul persecutes. (Acts 4:8: 3–19)1–4)
        • Saul, a Jewish man from Tarsus and the tribe of Benjamin, was around 40 years old in the early first century. Well-educated, he strongly supported the persecution of Christians.
        • Verse 4, The Christians who were scattered from Jerusalem, in their travels, were not afraid of the Jews. Instead, they continued to preach the word of God in joy, despite the persecution they had endured.
        • Contemplation:  Truly, the Lord turns sorrow into joy and spiritual gain, and He controls all the events of life to work for our salvation.
        • How did God use persecution for His plan? The persecution forced believers to leave Jerusalem, spreading the Gospel to new places.
      • Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch (Acts 8:26-40):
        • The three groups that made up the Sanhedrin gathered: the rulers, meaning the priests; the elders, meaning the heads of the tribes; and the scribes, meaning the scholars and teachers. They gathered in Jerusalem to put the two apostles on trial.
        • They asked about the source of the power by which the miracle was done and the name through which it was performed was repeated—not because they were unaware of the answer, but to find an opportunity in the response to accuse the apostles and punish them.
        • Verse 8: Here the Lord’s promise is fulfilled (Matthew 10:19–20), that when a Christian is put on trial for the sake of faith, the Holy Spirit willled speakPhilip throughto him.go to the Ethiopian eunuch.
        • TheBaptism Cornerstone:is Itessential meansfor salvation:
          • First: Baptism performed by immersion in water.
            Second: Accepting the faith. when the Ethiopian Eunuch said " I believe that Jesus Christ is the foundationSon of salvationGod" for humanity, and there is no other.
          • Thus, they were released without punishment out of fear of the people, who were glorifying God for the miracle—especially since the man had been sick for over forty years.
          • Contemplation: Remind yourself always with this verse " Whether it is right in the sight of God to listen to you (the world) more than to God, you judge."
        • The prayer of the apostles (Acts 4:23–31):
          • The first thing they did after being released was pray. We should learn from the disciples that prayer is very powerful. We see that God listened to their prayer, and the whole place was shaken.
          • They did not ask the Lord to protect them, but rather to strengthen them so that the preaching may succeed. This shows their desire to spread the faith. They were not thinking of themselves, but asked for strength to glorify God through it.
      • ChapterActs 5: read from verse 1-319 
        • AnaniasThe andconversion Sapphiraof Saul (Acts 5:9: 1-11)31)

          • AlthoughThe itencounter waswith withinour theirLord rightsJesus Christ (1-9)

          • Ananias and Saul's healing (10-19)
          • Saul begins to keeppreach part of the money and give the other part, their sin was hypocrisy and love of appearance, which led to lying. By lying, they were considered as stealing part of God's money, claiming they had given the full price of the land.

          • Verse 3: Peter declared to Ananias the seriousness of giving in to Satan, who had filled his heart with the desire for recognition. This means Ananias could have rejected the evil thoughts of Satan, but he was careless due to his pride.(20-31)
          • Contemplation: 'Against You, I have sinned' (Psalm 51:4).
            Do not forget the presence of God.  Remind yourself that He is standing before you, seeing all your actions, words, and thoughts. Even if you fall, quickly repent to Him—He will forgive you."
        • Miracles performed by the apostles, followed by their trial. (Verses 12-31):

          • New believers continued to join, but their number was not mentioned this time as it was before when it said five thousand, because the number had increased greatly.

          • Now we see the power of the Holy Spirit, the disciples had previously failed to heal the demon-possessed boy at the Mount of Transfiguration (Matthew 17:19), but now they were able to heal all kinds of diseases and cast out demons—even through touch or just the shadow.
          • Verse 19: An angel of the Lord came at night, opened the prison door, and brought them out. He instructed them to go and continue preaching. Their release from prison was not an escape, but rather to continue their ministry in the temple, proclaiming eternal life.
          • Contrary to what the Sanhedrin expected, the apostles went out with joy and enthusiasm for greater preaching. They considered the suffering of being beaten as sharing in the sufferings of Christ and a preparation for the glory of heaven.
          • The apostles continued steadfast in teaching in the temple and in homes, in the name of the Lord. They held the liturgies and Christian rituals in homes, as churches had not yet been built.
      • Chapter 6: 1-8 
        • Ordaining deacons (Acts 6: 1-8)
          • The ordained seven deacons:
            • Number seven:  it is one of the sacred numbers that symbolizes the work of the Holy Spirit, such as the seven sacraments of the Church.
            • Qualifications of deacons:
              • Good reputation': They are known for their uprightness and fairness.
              • Full of the Holy Spirit
              • Wisdom': Good judgment
            • Verse 6: Ordination was carried out by the apostles through prayer and the laying of hands, and this same process continues today in our Church.
              • Here is a clear declaration of the sacrament of priesthood in the ordination of one of the priestly ranks, which is the diaconate. This practice has continued in the Church to this day
          • The arrest of Stephen (Acts 6:12–15)

    1. Review/recap questions

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    1. Homework

      ** Servant may add more questions

     
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